Warthogs

The warthog gets its name from the cartilaginous wart-like growths that protrude on both sides of the head.

The function of the warts is not known for sure. One explanation could be that they are used as a weapon or defence against other warthogs. The warts may protect the eyes when the warthogs fight each other.

Warthogs, however, would rather run away from a predator than fight them. However, they are known for fearlessly defending their family.

The animals stay together in family groups consisting of females with young. Males may congregate in bachelor groups, but otherwise live alone and only seek out females to mate with them.
The warthog usually gives birth to its young in a den.

The warthog has poor eyesight, but a good sense of smell and acute hearing. It can run at 50 kilometres per hour and its tail, which is up to 45 centimetres long, is held upright when it runs. Warthogs don't have sweat glands and therefore roll in mud to keep cool.

The animal is usually active during the day, but can sometimes forage at night.

• Distribution: The open savannahs of sub-Saharan Africa
• Population: Not threatened
• Weight: 60-120kg
• Shoulder height: 75 centimetres
• Body length: 120-150 centimetres
• Sexual maturity: From 18 months of age
• Gestation: 171-175 days
• Number of cubs: Usually 3-4 cubs
• Food: Mostly grass and herbs, but also tubers, onions, mushrooms and insects
• Life expectancy: In captivity 12-18 years. Life expectancy in the wild is unknown
• Latin name: Phacochoerus africanus